Abstract

This study investigates the land suitability, crop productivity, and degradation status of soils developed from basement complex formations in Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria. Target crops include cashew, cocoa, cassava, yam, and maize, which are assessed against land and climatic variables such as soil texture, nutrient content, slope, rainfall, and temperature. Twelve sites were evaluated for the soil physical and chemical properties, productivity potential, and degradation indicators. Findings revealed that while the soils are predominantly sandy loam and loamy sand with neutral pH and adequate phosphorus and potassium, they are constrained by low nitrogen, organic carbon, and cation exchange capacity (CEC). Suitability mapping and degradation classification highlighted spatial variability in crop performance and soil health. The results highlight the need for integrated soil fertility and conservation strategies to optimize agricultural productivity in basement complex terrains.